GRAMMAR GUIDE TO MOROCCAN DARIJA
Table of Contents
Chapter 1: Introduction to Moroccan Darija Grammar
- 1.1. What is Grammar in Darija?
- 1.2. Darija as a Living Language
- 1.3. Introduction to Basic Grammatical Terms
Chapter 2: Nouns in Moroccan Darija
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2.1. Types of Nouns: Indefinite and Definite
- 2.1.1. Indefinite Nouns
- 2.1.2. Definite Nouns
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2.2. Masculine and Feminine (Gender)
- 2.2.1. Masculine Nouns
- 2.2.2. Feminine Nouns
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2.3. Singular and Plural (Number)
- 2.3.1. Singular Nouns
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2.3.2. Plural Nouns
- a) Broken Plurals (Most Common)
- b) Sound Masculine Plurals (Less Common in Darija)
- c) Sound Feminine Plurals (Common)
- 2.4. Diminutives of Nouns (Diminution)
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2.5. Demonstrative Pronouns
- 2.5.1. For Near Objects
- 2.5.2. For Far Objects
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2.6. Pronouns
- 2.6.1. Independent Subject Pronouns
- 2.6.2. Possessive Pronouns Attached to Nouns
- 2.7. Relative Pronouns
Chapter 3: Verbs in Moroccan Darija
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3.1. Verb Conjugation: Past, Present/Future, and Imperative
- 3.1.1. Past Tense
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3.1.2. Present Tense (Present Continuous and Future)
- a) Present Tense Indicating Continuous/Habitual Action
- b) Present Tense Indicating Future
- 3.1.3. Imperative
- 3.2. Negation in Darija
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3.3. Types of Verbs
- 3.3.1. Intransitive and Transitive Verbs
- 3.3.2. Common Auxiliary Verbs and Verbal Expressions
- 4.1. Common Prepositions
- 4.2. Conjunctions
- 4.3. Interrogative Particles (Question Words)
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4.4. Connecting Particles and Conditional Sentences
- 4.4.1. Common Connecting Particles
- 4.4.2. Conditional Sentences
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5.1. Basic Sentence Types
- 5.1.1. Nominal Sentences (Equational Sentences)
- 5.1.2. Verbal Sentences
- 5.2. Word Order in Sentences
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5.3. Negative and Interrogative Sentences
- 5.3.1. Negative Sentences
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5.3.2. Interrogative Sentences (Questions)
- a) Using Interrogative Particles
- b) Using "Wash" (Yes/No Questions)
- c) Through Intonation
- 5.4. Complex Sentences
- 6.1. Adjectives and Adverbs....
Grammar, in its simplest form, refers to the rules that govern how we arrange words to create correct and clear sentences. You can think of it like a game with many pieces (words), and grammar is the guide that shows us how to assemble these pieces to form a complete and understandable picture (a sentence). In Moroccan Darija, grammar is what helps us differentiate between "Mohamed went to school" (Msha Mohamed l’al-madrasa) and "School went Mohamed" (Al-madrasa msha Mohamed), which isn't grammatically correct. It’s what determines if a word is masculine or feminine, if we're talking about one thing or many, or if an action happened in the past, is happening now, or will happen in the future.